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Consolidated Catalina |
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Aircraft of
the
Marine Luchtvaartdienst |
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Development |
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Entwicklung |
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The
Consolidated Catalina is a flying boat and amphibious aircraft that was
produced in the 1930s and 1940s. It was one of the most widely used
seaplanes of World War II. Catalinas served with every branch of the
U.S. Armed Forces and in the air forces and navies of many other nations.
As American dominance in the Pacific Ocean began to face competition
from Japan in the 1930s, the U.S. Navy contracted Consolidated, Martin
and Douglas in October 1933 to build competing prototypes for a patrol
flying boat. Consolidated and Douglas both delivered single prototypes
of their new designs, the XP3Y-1 and XP3D-1, respectively.
Consolidated's XP3Y-1 design had a parasol wing with external bracing
struts, mounted on a pylon over the fuselage. Wingtip stabilizing floats
were retractable in flight to form streamlined wingtips. The two-step
hull design was similar to that of the P2Y-, but the Catalina had a
cantilever cruciform tail unit instead of a strut-braced twin tail.
Cleaner aerodynamics gave the Catalina better performance than earlier
designs. Construction is all-metal, stressed-skin, of aluminum sheet,
except the ailerons and wing trailing edge, which are fabric covered.
The XP3Y-1 had its maiden flight on 21. March 1935. Between 1936 and
1945, 2661 machines were built in the USA, a further 620 in Canada and
27 in the Soviet Union. |
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Die
Consolidated Catalina ist ein Flugboot und Amphibienflugzeug, das in den
1930er und 1940er Jahren hergestellt wurde. Sie war eines der am häufigsten
eingesetzten Wasserflugzeuge des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Catalinas dienten in
allen Bereichen der US-Streitkräfte sowie in den Luft- und Seestreitkräften
vieler anderer Nationen.
Als die amerikanische Vorherrschaft im Pazifi-schen Ozean in den 1930er
Jahren von Japan konkurrenziert wurde, beauftragte die U.S. Navy im Oktober
1933 Consolidated, Martin und Douglas mit dem Bau konkurrierender Prototypen
für ein Patrouillenflugboot. Consolidated und Douglas lieferten beide
einzelne Prototypen ihrer neuen Konstruktionen, die XP3Y-1 bzw. die XP3D-1.
Consolidated's XP3Y-1 hatte einen Parasolflügel mit externen Verstrebungen,
der an einem Pylon über dem Rumpf montiert war. Die Schwimmer zur
Stabilisierung der Flügelspitzen konnten im Flug eingezogen werden, um
stromlinienförmige Flügelspitzen zu bilden. Die zweistufige
Rumpfkonstruktion ähnelte der der P2Y-, aber die Catalina hatte ein
freitragendes, kreuzförmiges Leitwerk anstelle eines verstrebten
Doppel-leitwerkes. Dank der besseren Aerodynamik war die Catalina
leistungsfähiger als frühere Modelle. Die Konstruktion ist eine
Ganzmetallkonstruktion aus Aluminiumblechen mit gespannter Außenhaut, mit
Ausnahme der Querruder und der Flügel-hinterkante, die mit Stoff bespannt
sind.
Die XP3Y-1 hatte ihren Erstflug am 21. März 1935. Zwischen 1936 und 1945
wurden 2661 Maschinen in den USA gebaut, weitere 620 in Kanada und 27 in der
Sowjetunion. |
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Variants |
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Versionen |
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PBY-5 |
Version with 1200 hp
R-1830-82 or -92 engines and provision for extra fuel tanks, 683 built
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PBY-5 |
Version mit 1200 PS
R-1830-82 oder -92 Motoren, Vorrichtungen für Zusatztanks, 683 gebaut |
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PBY-5A |
Amphibious version of the
PBY-5 with two 1200hp R-1830-92 engines |
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PBY-5A |
Amphibische Version der
PBY-5, mit zwei 1200 PS R-1830-92 Motoren |
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Catalina
IVb |
British designation of the
PBY-5a |
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Catalina
IVb |
Britische Bezeichnung der PBY-5a |
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PBN-1
PB2B-2 |
Naval Aircraft Factory built
version of the PBY-5 with major modification |
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PBN-1
PB2B-2 |
Version der PBY-5 der U.S.
Naval Aircraft Factory mit zahlreichen Änderungen |
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Operational
history |
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Einsatzgeschichte |
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Fifty PBY-5/5A ordered from Consolidated 11. Oct-ober 1940, serialled Y-38
to Y-87. Y-38 to Y-73 36
aircraft of PBY-5 version delivered 3. September 1941-16 January 1942.
Y-74 to Y-85 12
aircraft PBY-5A amphibian version delivered 2 September 1942-20 November
1942.
Y-86 & Y-87 2
aircraft PBY-5 version delivered 17 May 1943.
Survivors serial
prefix changed to P in July 1946, and to 16 in 1947. Last example wfu 14
February 1952. All used by 321 sqn in Ceylon for ASW/maritime patrol/transport.
Y-3 taken over from
US Navy, 2 March - 7 March 1942.
Y-88 to Y-93 six
aircraft, Boeing (Canada) P2B-1 Catalina IVB, loaned from RAF 9 July
1944 - 1 August 1944, returned to RAF 4 February 1945 and replaced by 6
identical models in November 1946, with the same serials. Later
reserialled 16-88 to 16-93. Aircraft scuttled 25 July 1950.
16-200 to 16-206 two
PBY-5 Catalina I and five Catalina IVA purchased from RCAF 19 June 1946
and delivered 17 September 1946-26 December 46, last withdrawn 14
February 1952. 16-207 to 16-210 four PB2B-2 Catalina VI from RAAF 1947.
Last withdrawn 17 October 1949. 16-211 to 16-216 six PBY-5A, from U.S. Navy overhauled by Aviolanda and redelivered 9 February 1951 - 25 July
1951. Withdrawn 14 August 1956 - 13 May 1957.
16-217 to 219
renumbering of 3 survivors from original PBY-5A batch April 1953. last
withdrawn 12 August 1957.
16-220 to 225 six
PBY-5A ex-RAAF, delivered 2 February 1954 - 8 December 1954, wfu &
scrapped 12 August 1956 - 1 July 1957. |
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Drawings |
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Zeichnungen |
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GSM |
VSQ-321 |
VSQ-321 |
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VSQ-321 |
VSQ-321 |
VSQ-8 |
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Specifications |
PBY-5A |
Wingspan |
Spannweite |
31.70 m |
Length |
Länge |
19.46 m |
Height |
Höhe |
6.15 m |
Wing area |
Flügelfläche |
130.00 m² |
Engine |
Motor |
2× Pratt & Whitney R-1830-92
Twin Wasp radial engines, 1,200 PS each
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Maximum speed |
Höchstgeschwindigkeit |
314 km/h |
Empty weight |
Leergewicht |
9,485 kg |
Loaded weight |
Startgewicht |
16,066 kg |
Climb Rate |
Steigrate |
5.1 m/s |
Service ceiling |
Gipfelhöhe |
4,000 m |
Range |
Reichweite |
4,030 km |
Armament |
Bewaffnung |
3 × 7.62 mm machine guns
2 × 12.7 mm machine guns
1,814 kg of bombs |
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Serial, Consolidated Catalina |
Typ |
Buzz |
s/n |
Delivered |
Withdrawn |
Remarks |
PBY-4 |
Y-3 |
- |
2. Mar. 1942 |
7. Mar. 1942 |
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PBY-5 |
Y-38 |
232 |
3. Sep. 1941 |
Jan. 1942 |
Later P-41 |
PBY-5 |
Y-39 |
241 |
3. Sep. 1941 |
3. Feb. 1942 |
crashed at Madoera |
PBY-5 |
Y-40 |
249 |
11. Sep. 1941 |
9. Feb. 1942 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-41 |
260 |
11. Sep. 1941 |
Jan. 1942 |
Later P-42 |
PBY-5 |
Y-42 |
266 |
11. Sep. 1941 |
28.
Feb. 1942 |
Later P-46 |
PBY-5 |
Y-43 |
276 |
23. Sep. 1941 |
Jan. 1942 |
Later P-43 |
PBY-5 |
Y-44 |
293 |
23. Sep. 1941 |
5. Dec. 1941 |
Crashed near Tandjong Pandan |
PBY-5 |
Y-45 |
298 |
23. Sep. 1941 |
Jan. 1942 |
To RAAF as A24-28 |
PBY-5 |
Y-46 |
301 |
8. Oct. 1941 |
Jan. 1942 |
Later P-44 |
PBY-5 |
Y-47 |
303 |
8. Oct. 1941 |
23. Feb. 1942 |
Crashed at Tandjong Priok |
PBY-5 |
Y-48 |
306 |
8. Oct. 1941 |
3. Mar. 1942 |
Destroyed at Tandjong Priok |
PBY-5 |
Y-49 |
308 |
12. Oct. 1941 |
Apr. 1944 |
Later P-45 |
PBY-5 |
Y-50 |
311 |
12. Oct. 1941 |
16. Jan. 1942 |
sunk Barito river, |
PBY-5 |
Y-51 |
315 |
12. Oct. 1941 |
21. Jan. 1942 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-52 |
320 |
16. Oct. 1941 |
4. Dec. 1941 |
to RAF Singapore |
PBY-5 |
Y-53 |
326 |
16. Oct. 1941 |
4. Dec. 1941 |
to RAF Singapore |
PBY-5 |
Y-54 |
330 |
16. Oct. 1941 |
4. Dec. 1941 |
to RAF Singapore |
PBY-5 |
Y-55 |
336 |
3. Nov. 1941 |
1944 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-56 |
340 |
3. Nov. 1941 |
1945 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-57 |
344 |
3. Nov. 1941 |
1946 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-58 |
348 |
3. Nov. 1941 |
11. Jan. 1942 |
Sunk near Kema |
PBY-5 |
Y-59 |
351 |
9. Nov. 1941 |
3. Mar. 1942 |
Sunk near Broome |
PBY-5 |
Y-60 |
352 |
9. Nov. 1941 |
3. Mar. 1942 |
Sunk near Broome |
PBY-5 |
Y-61 |
353 |
9. Nov. 1941 |
3. Feb. 1942 |
Destroyed by bomb Morokrembangan |
PBY-5 |
Y-62 (F) |
355 |
15. Nov. 1941 |
18. Oct. 1945 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-63 |
358 |
15. Nov. 1941 |
27. Feb. 1942 |
crashed near Noordbroeder |
PBY-5 |
Y-64 (G) |
361 |
15. Nov. 1941 |
1945 |
- |
PBY-5 |
Y-65 |
363 |
2. Dec. 1941 |
27. Feb. 1942 |
Destroyed at Tjilatjap |
PBY-5 |
Y-66 |
367 |
2. Dec. 1941 |
4. Mar. 1942 |
Destroyed by bomb at Tjilatjap |
PBY-5 |
Y-67 |
369 |
2. Dec. 1941 |
3. Mar. 1942 |
Sunk near Broome |
PBY-5 |
Y-68 |
372 |
7. Dec. 1941 |
7. Dec. 1941 |
Destroyed by bomb Pearl Harbor |
PBY-5 |
Y-69(H) |
376 |
1942 |
1946 |
Later P-69, 16-69 |
PBY-5 |
Y-70 |
378 |
Dec. 1941 |
3. Mar. 1942 |
sunk near Broome |
PBY-5 |
Y-71 |
381 |
Jan. 1942 |
8. Nov. 1942 |
forced landing Lake Bangalore |
PBY-5 |
Y-72 |
385 |
Jan. 1942 |
5. Feb. 1942 |
crashed near Waroe |
PBY-5 |
Y-73 |
388 |
Jan. 1942 |
Jan. 1942 |
to U.S. Navy |
PBY-5A |
Y-74 (J) |
837 |
2. Sep. 1942 |
1946 |
Later P-74 |
PBY-5A |
Y-75 (K) |
838 |
9. Sep. 1942 |
14. Feb.
1952 |
Later P-75 |
PBY-5A |
Y-76 (L) |
839 |
9. Sep. 1942 |
28. Jan.
1952 |
Later P-76 |
PBY-5A |
Y-77 (M) |
840 |
13. Sep. 1942 |
11. Jan.
1952 |
Later P-77 |
PBY-5A |
Y-78 (N) |
841 |
16. Sep. 1942 |
9. Dec. 1943 |
forced landing Gulf of Bengalen
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PBY-5A |
Y-79 (O) |
842 |
13. Sep. 1942 |
12. Aug. 1957 |
Later P-79, 16-79, to 16-217 |
PBY-5A |
Y-80 (P) |
843 |
22. Sep. 1942 |
1945 |
scrapped India |
PBY-5A |
Y-81 |
844 |
23. Sep. 1942 |
26. Mar. 1943 |
destroyed Italian Somaliland |
PBY-5A |
Y-82 (Q) |
845 |
26. Sep. 1942 |
28. Dec. 1950 |
later P-82, 16-82 |
PBY-5A |
Y-83 (R) |
846 |
27. Sep. 1942 |
15. Jun. 1957 |
P-83, 16-83, 16-218 |
PBY-5A |
Y-84 (S) |
847 |
30. Sep. 1942 |
25. Aug. 1943 |
Landing Kaap Agulhas |
PBY-5A |
Y-85 (T) |
848 |
20. Nov. 1942 |
30. Oct. 1954 |
Later P-85, 16-85, 16-219 |
PBY-5 |
Y-86 (U) |
08396 |
17. May 1943 |
8. Jan. 1949 |
Later P-86, 16-86 |
PBY-5 |
Y-87 (V) |
08397 |
17. May 1943 |
13. Oct.
1946 |
Later P-87, 16-87 |
Catalina IVb |
Y-88 (W) |
JX315 |
9. Jul. 1944 |
4. Feb. 1945 |
loan from RAF |
Catalina IVb |
Y-88 (C) |
JX276 |
Nov. 1945 |
11. Jan. 1949 |
ex. RAF, later 16-88 |
Catalina IVb |
Y-89 (X) |
JX313 |
14. Jul. 1944 |
4. Feb. 1945 |
loan from RAF |
Catalina IVb |
Y-89 (D) |
JX288 |
Nov. 1945 |
25. Jul. 1950 |
ex. RAF, later 16-89 |
Catalina IVb |
Y-90 (Y) |
JX294 |
16. Jul. 1944 |
4. Feb. 1945 |
loan from RAF |
Catalina IVb |
Y-90 (E) |
JX289 |
Nov. 1945 |
Jun. 1949 |
ex. RAF, later 16-90 |
Catalina IVb |
Y-91 (Z) |
JX272 |
7. Aug. 1944 |
4. Feb. 1945 |
loan from RAF |
Catalina IVb |
Y-91 (G) |
JX298 |
Nov. 1945 |
Aug. 1949 |
ex. RAF, later 16-91 |
Catalina IVb |
Y-92 (B) |
JX365 |
1. Aug. 1944 |
Nov. 1944 |
loan from RAF |
Catalina IVb |
Y-92 (S) |
JX354 |
Nov. 1945 |
25. Jan. 1950 |
ex. RAF, later 16-92 |
Catalina IVb |
Y-93 (N) |
JX205 |
1. Aug. 1944 |
Nov. 1944 |
loan from RAF |
Catalina IVb |
Y-93 (V) |
JX359 |
Nov. 1945 |
5. Nov. 1947 |
ex-RAF, later 16-93 |
Last update 21. December
2020 |
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Serial, Consolidated Catalina
after WWII |
Typ |
Buzz |
s/n |
Delivered |
Withdrawn |
Remarks |
PBY-5 |
16-200 |
DP202 |
17. Sep. 1946 |
14. Feb. 1952 |
- |
PBY-5 |
16-201 |
JX206 |
17. Sep. 1946 |
1. Nov. 1949 |
- |
PBY-5 |
16-202 |
JX572 |
17. Sep. 1946 |
1. Jun. 1950 |
- |
PBY-5 |
16-203 |
JX219 |
2. Nov. 1946 |
5. Oct. 1951 |
- |
PBY-5 |
16-204 |
Z2137 |
26. Dec. 1946 |
26. Jan. 1947 |
Accident at Bali |
PBY-5 |
16-205 |
JX217 |
14. Dec. 1946 |
14. Nov. 1951 |
- |
PBY-5 |
16-206 |
JX209 |
24. Dec. 1946 |
1950 |
- |
PB2B-2 |
16-207 |
A24-358 |
1947 |
24. Aug. 1949 |
Ex. RAAF |
PB2B-2 |
16-208 |
A24-351 |
1947 |
25. Aug. 1949 |
Ex. RAAF |
PB2B-2 |
16-209 |
A24-384 |
1947 |
25. Aug. 1949 |
Ex. RAAF |
PB2B-2 |
16-210 |
A24-366 |
1948 |
17. Oct. 1949 |
Ex. RAAF |
PBY-5A |
16-211 |
46521 |
23. Jan. 1951 |
23. Jan. 1951 |
accident Netherlands |
PBY-5A |
16-211 (2) |
46581 |
9. Feb. 1951 |
20. Dec. 1952 |
accident Lebanon |
PBY-5A |
16-212 |
48317 |
22. Feb. 1951 |
8. Jul. 1957 |
- |
PBY-5A |
16-213 |
46460 |
16. Mar. 1951 |
28. Oct. 1952 |
accident Biak |
PBY-5A |
16-214 |
33972 |
3. Apr. 1951 |
14. Aug. 1956 |
- |
PBY-5A |
16-215 |
46583 |
27. Apr. 1951 |
12. Jun. 1955 |
- |
PBY-5A |
16-216 |
48252 |
25. Jul. 1951 |
13. May 1957 |
- |
PBY-5A |
16-217 |
842 |
13. Sep. 1942 |
12. Aug. 1957 |
Ex. Y-79 (O), P-79, 16-79 |
PBY-5A |
16-218 |
846 |
27. Sep. 1942 |
15. Jun. 1957 |
Ex. Y-83 (R), P-83, 16-83 |
PBY-5A |
16-219 |
848 |
20. Nov. 1942 |
30. Oct. 1954 |
Ex. Y-85 (T), P-85, 16-85 |
PBY-5A |
16-220 |
A24-104 |
19. Feb. 1954 |
21. Aug. 1956 |
Ex. RAAF |
PBY-5A |
16-221 |
A24-110 |
23. July. 1954 |
12. Aug. 1956 |
Ex. RAAF |
PBY-5A |
16-222 |
A24-111 |
Aug. 1954 |
12. Aug. 1956 |
Ex. RAAF |
PBY-5A |
16-223 |
A24-92 |
1954 |
15. Apr. 1954 |
Ex. RAAF |
PBY-5A |
16-224 |
A24-99 |
2. Feb. 1954 |
1. Jul. 1957 |
Ex. RAAF |
PBY-5A |
16-225 |
A24-112 |
8. Dec. 1954 |
28. Aug. 1956 |
Ex. RAAF |
Last update 21. December
2020 |
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