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Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu |
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Entwicklung |
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The Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu
"Dragonslayer" was a two-seat, twin-engine fighter used by the Imperial
Japanese Army in World War II. The Allied reporting name was "Nick".
In response to the rapid emergence in Europe of twin-engine heavy fighters such as the Messerschmitt Bf 110, the army ordered develop-ment of a twin-engine, two-seat fighter in 1937, and assigned the proposal by Kawasaki Shipbuilding the designation of Ki-38. This only went as far as a mock up, but by December of that year, the army ordered a working prototype as the Ki-45, which first flew in January 1939. Results from the test flights, however, did not meet the army's expectations. The Ha-20 Otsu engine was underpowered and failure-prone, while the airframe suffered from nacelle stall. The Ki-45 did not enter service, but the army, insistent on having a working twin-engine fighter, ordered Kawasaki to continue development. Kawasaki responded by replacing the engines with the proven Nakajima Ha-25. Flight tests were promising. In October 1940, the army
ordered continued improvements such as switching to 1,080 hp Mitsubishi
Ha-102 engines. This craft, designated Ki-45 Kai, was complete in
September 1941 and was officially adopted for use by the army in
February 1942 as the "Type 2 Two-Seat Fighter". |
Die Kawasaki
Ki-45 Toryu „Dragonslayer“ war ein zweisitziges, zweimotoriges Jagdflugzeug,
das von der kaiserlichen japanischen Armee im Zweiten Weltkrieg eingesetzt
wurde. Der Kennungsname der Alliierten war "Nick". |
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Ki-45 |
Prototype aircraft |
Ki-45 |
Prototyp | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 Type 1 |
Modified operative models |
Ki-45 Type 1 |
Modifizierte operative Modelle | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 KAI | Prototype & Pre-series aircraft | Ki-45 KAI | Prototyp und Vorserienflugzeuge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 KAIa | initial model of series, one 20mm in ventral position, two 12.7mm in the nose and a flexible 7.92mm in the back position | Ki-45 KAIa | erstes Modell der Serie, ein 20 mm in Bauchlage, zwei 12,7 mm in der Nase und ein flexibles 7,92 mmMG im hinteren Cockpit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 KAIb | retrofit version based on the KAIa, 20mm belly cannon replaced by a 37mm field gun | Ki-45 KAIb | Version gegen Land- oder Schiffsziele; Mitsubishi-Ha-102-Triebwerke (780 kW). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 KAIc | version against naval objectives, one 37 mm automatic cannon in the nose, one 7.92 mm machine gun in the back position. | Ki-45 KAIc | Version gegen Schiffsziele, zwei nach vorne gerichtete 20-mm- und eine 37-mm-Kanone, ein 7,92-mm-MG im hinteren Cockpit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 KAId | A modified KAIb, night fighter version, equipped with one 37 mm cannon in nose and two fixed 20 mm cannons in a Schräge Musik-style dorsal frontal position, and one 7.92 mm machine gun in back position. | Ki-45 KAId | modifizierter KAIb-Nachtjäger, mit einer 37-mm-Kanone unter dem Rumpf, zwei 20-mm-Kanonen im Rumpfrücken und einem 7,92-mm-MG im hinteren Cockpit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ki-45 II | Single-seat fighter prototype; later re-designated Ki-96. | Ki-45 II | Prototyp eines einsitzigen Jägers; später umbenannt in Ki-96. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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last update 4. December 2019 |
written 4. December 2019 |
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